La Enciclopedia: un género textual perenne en hábitats cambiantes
Reflexiones sobre el documento fundacional, los manuales argentinos y las enciclopedias virtuales de mayor difusión en español
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21344/iartem.v9i2.590Palavras-chave:
Enciclopedia, Género textual, Manual, Enciclopedia virtualResumo
Propongo al lector abordar tres miradas, de carácter diacrónico, a las enciclopedias que han poblado nuestra educación general a lo largo de dos siglos y medio: la Enciclopedia Francesa del siglo XVIII, los manuales escolares tradicionales que adoptaron el género textual Enciclopedia (el caso de Argentina) y dos enciclopedias que marcan hitos en la historia de los documentos digitales: Encarta y Wikipedia. Los hilos conductores – permanencias y transformaciones en sus estructuras textuales y en el abordaje de algunos temas sensibles – han sido elegidos para proponer una reflexión situada. Es decir, intento interpretar algunas vinculaciones entre las organizaciones textuales que a mi entender identifican a las distintas enciclopedias, las referencias al saber erudito que aportan en forma explícita e implícita y los enfoques del conocimiento que divulgan. Propongo esta recurrencia en perspectiva diacrónica para sugerir comparaciones entre los textos y sus respectivos tiempos y circunstancias de producción y circulación. Para complementar esas miradas he elegido, a modo de ilustración, un tema relevante en la investigación de textos escolares (los pueblos indígenas).
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